Engineering Data
A276 Stainless: Condition A—Annealed.Condition SA—Stabilized annealed. Condition H—Hardened and tempered at a relatively low temperature.Condition T—Hardened and tempered at a relatively high temperature. Condition S—Strain Hardened—Relatively light cold work.Condition B—Strain Hardened—Relatively severe cold work. HPA specializes in cold forging, also called cold work or strain hardened. and drawbench
UNS, XM, AISI, AWS, ASTM, AMS… What do they mean and why are there multiple names for the same materials? There’s often confusion about the naming system and frequent usage of abbreviations in the alloy industry. However, the alloy industry has been getting better after a disorganized start, but the remnants of defunct systems still remain…
Read More “A Brief History of the XM & Current Alloy Naming Systems (UNS)” »
Cold Working, also known as strain hardening or work hardening, is a mechanical process that involves deforming a metal material through plastic deformation, typically at room temperature or temperatures below its recrystallization temperature. This process leads to an increase in the material’s resistance to further deformation, making it stronger. The underlying mechanism behind this increased…
Fasteners hold our world together by keeping objects held in place. Fasteners can be found in a wide range of applications, from fixing a door to a frame to securing the various flight components of an airplane. There are many different types of fasteners, including but not limited to, screws, bolts, nuts, pins, clips, and…
Quick Notes for B-21 Raider by Northrop Grumman 85% of work will come from these tier 1 suppliers: Pratt & Whitney: A Raytheon company that builds the F135 Engine, is also used for the F-35 Lightning. BAE Systems: Involved in several major defense projects, including the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, the Eurofighter Typhoon,…
Nitronic 40 Stainless Steel is a nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steel with great versatility, combining high yield strength with good corrosion resistance. AMS 5656, ASTM A276, ASTM A479/A479M, ASTM A484/484M are the applicable specs. There are two different version of Nitronic 40: UNS S21904 (XM11) and UNS S21900 (XM10). The difference between the two UNS…
Stainless is protected primarily by chromium oxide, a transparent oxide film that prevents further reaction with oxygen like rust. When machining stainless, if an iron particle gets embedded, the stainless now has a place where there is no oxide film for protection and corrosion starts. It is common that when machining fasteners they are cleaned…
